KATHAK DANCING
God manifested in the Supreme Cosmic Dancer, Lord Nataraja. Dance
evolves from divinity. The sole purpose of a Dancer is to aquire the
most refined skills trough sheer dedication, discipline and devotion
by giving articulation to these, to enter into the spirit of
throbbing rhythm of nature and thus experience unity with God.
The Kathak Dance belongs to North India. The word Kathak originally
meant story - telling with gestures. In ancient days professional
story - tellers delineated episodes from the great Epics through
simple, devotional and mimetic recitation. Thus like many other
dance forms in India, Kathak started as a Temple Dance. Under the
patronage of moghul rulers, however, Kathak evolved into highly
stylised and complex art for the delight of the aristocratic few.
The Kathak Dance consists mainly in devising and executing rhythmic
patterns of time - beats. In its technique, Kathak gives equal
importance to pure dance (Nritta) and to mime or interpretative
expression (Abhinaya). The pure dance reveals intricate footwork and
a variety of spins or convolutions of the body (Chakkars), while the
mime generally concerns itself with an incident from the life of
Lord Krishna. Hand gestures and facial expressions are strong
aspects of communicating and relating stories.
The music employed is simple - the only accompaniments neede by a
Kathak performer are the Tabla, to provide rhythm and another
instrument, usually the Sarangi or Sitar to play the melody.
The Dancer learns to unfold a variey of delicate and expressive
poses. There is the pleasing play of the eyes and graceful movement
of the hands. This is followed by a series of Torahs which devised
to demonstrate the movements of the eyes, the eyebrows and the
chest. Then comes the gat, the miming part of the dance which
displays gat nikas or poseful steppings. There is free movement of
the body where the Gymnastic abilities of the performer also come to
the fore. The tempo gradually heightens, culminating in a grand show
of the artistes originality and virtuosity. A special feature of the
Kathak Dance is its tremendous footwork. It gradually gains in
speed, tempo and reaches a climatic degree. The artiste gives a
brillant demonstration of both rhythm and movement. A Kathak Dancer
gets an opportunity to portray different moods in different styles
of footwork and movement.
One of the outstanding exponents of the Benares Gharana (tradition)
of Kathak was Gopi Krishna. His performances are marked by
individualistic interpretation, superb showmanship, uncanny tempo
and an imagintive temperament. Gopi Krishna was the first to
introduce Tarana ( similiar to Tillana in Bharata Natyam) into the
Kathak style.
In the art of drama, Bharatha was the teacher who leads the pupil
from " Darkness of ignorance to the Light of Learning. " There is no
Wisdom, Knowledge, Art, Craft, Device or Action that is not to be
found in the Natya, " says the Guru Bharata. In ancient India Natya
included Dance, Drama, Musix.
Wither the hand goes, the glance follows
Wither the glance goes, the mind follows
Wither the mind goes, the mood follows
Wither the mood follows, there is real creativeness born.
Through the hand, the Dancer possesses a power infinite in its
capacity to portray the tragedy and exaltation of the human being.
Somewhere in the recesses of cosmic creativeness, the hands become
the conscious translators of thought to the Universe.